煩請各位用common sense想一下，印刷這東西難道不是非常intuitive的嗎？找塊木頭雕刻一下用來大規模印刷，難道不是是個文明都知道的嗎？就像不會有人討論是哪個文明發明了筆，哪個文明發明了井一樣。所謂活字印刷更是有腦子都能想到，不過腦子能想到，實際implement細節卻難做到。所以中國大部分印刷都是雕版印刷而不是活字的。但是不存在還要被人啟發一下才能想到活字這種說法。
如果硬扣誰先有活字的概念出現，那歐洲確實晚了一點，即使這樣韓國也同時存在了活字的概念。但是Guntenberg的偉大之處在於發明的是printing press而不是printing.printing press是Guntenberg先發明的是毫無爭議的事實。在於整套設備的完備性，所謂活字只是一小部分，還有在於壓力如何均勻施加等。
The concept of movable type existed prior to 15th century Europe; sporadic evidence that the typographical principle, the idea of creating a text by reusing individual characters, was known and had been cropping up since the 12th century and possibly before (the oldest known application dating back as far as the Phaistos disc). The known examples range from movable type printing in China during the Song dynasty, in Korea during the Goryeo Dynasty, where metal movable-type printing technology was developed in 1234, to Germany (Prüfening inscription) and England (letter tiles) and Italy (Altarpiece of Pellegrino II). However, the various techniques employed (imprinting, punching and assembling individual letters) did not have the refinement and efficiency needed to become widely accepted. Tsuen-Hsuin and Needham, and Briggs and Burke suggest that the movable type printing in China and Korea was rarely employed.
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所謂Guntenberg受中國影響等同於阿波羅登月受萬戶飛天影響。非常不切實際。最後說一句，op沒有給出任何確鑿的15世紀或者之前的歐洲文獻證明中國印刷術在歐洲被大規模知曉。也沒有給出任何現代主流英語學術界對於15世紀或者之前歐洲存在的有關中國印刷術文獻的研究。
NO. The Chinese did not have a printing press, they only had printing, only printing, so the answer is no, Johannes Gutenberg was influenced by a non-existent Chinese printing press.
The question as to whether Gutenberg was influenced by Chinese printing is more debatable, but I do not think so for several reasons.
First of all, we have no evidence Europeans were even aware of Chinese printing. We have no European references before Gutenberg of printing for books and other writing. There might have been some woodblock printed books in Europe a couple decades before Gutenberg, but what I have read is contradictory. Some sources give a date for woodblock books a decade or two before Gutenberg, others around the same time or even slightly after Gutenberg. In any case, Gutenberg does not seem to have been influenced by woodblock printing or show any knowledge of it. . ,
Second, Gutenberg lived in Germany well away from international ports such as Venice which is where any knowledge of Chinese printing would have first come to. Gutenberg was not the kind of person who dealt with and came into a lot of international merchants or scholars that might have know of Chinese printing.
Thirdly, the specifics of Gutenberg’s printing are all different from Chinese printing. The metal used for the print type was different, a low melting lead ally versus a much higher melting temperature bronze alloy. How the metal type was created was different too. And the use of a press instead of hand rolling or blotting the ink was different as well. Adding all this together, and it indicates an independent creating by Gutenberg.
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