The following articles were translated from 《从斯大林到川普：保皇党的全球史》by Google Gemini with manual check and modifications.
Originating from Machiavellianism, Stalinism merged with the Russian mafia after Stalin’s death, evolving into Russian neo-authoritarianism. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, these tactics spread globally, forming a war axis stretching roughly from 34° to 37° East longitude, which began expanding in 2022.
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In “Political Struggles in Modern China Have Always Revolved Around Liberties, Stalinism and neo-Machiavellian Tyrants, and the Far-Right,” we outlined how China fell into a prolonged Tripartite-like struggle among Liberties, Stalinism and neo-Machiavellian Tyrants, and the Far-Right following the 1911 Revolution. We examined how Liberties—seeking short-term victory or influenced by foreign intervention—repeatedly made the error of allying with either the Machiavellian Tyrants or the Far-Right to target the other, ultimately resulting in the usurpation of the revolution’s fruits and the empowerment of Machiavellian Tyrants or the Far-Right.
This article begins with Stalin to trace the nearly century-long global development of the Machiavellian Tyrants. Because numerous neo-Machiavellian Tyrants disguised in the garb of developed countries continuously infiltrate societies, many people mistake these facades for the true nature of developed nations, leading to widespread misunderstandings. Understanding this history helps clarify current international dynamics and explains why China should adapt a conservative foreign policy and a defensive global military-strategic posture (detailed in “Policy Recommendations for China’s Foreign and Immigration Policies” and “Recommendations for China’s Current Global Military Strategy”).
From Stalin to the Rise of Neo-Authoritarianism
Stalin—whom Lenin explicitly recommended removing from the post of General Secretary—rapidly degenerated into a core figure of the Machiavellian Tyrants following Lenin’s death in 1924. He pioneered the centralized command economy system, launched multiple terrifying purges, and enacted erroneous policies that caused millions of deaths among domestic workers and peasants.
Under Stalin’s direct intervention, communist movements worldwide deviated from their original paths in many countries, steering toward a Machiavellian Tyrants trajectory—most notably in China and North Korea. Following Stalin’s death in 1953, Nikita Khrushchev offered a partial critique of Stalin personally, but failed to completely reverse the systemic policies of the Stalinist era. Consequently, the Soviet Union’s command economy became progressively bogged down in a deadlock.
After Stalin’s death, domestic Machiavellian Tyrants gradually groped their way toward a new mode of Tyrant rule that combined Stalinism with traditional Russian organized crime. The official academic term for this is Russian neo-authoritarianism, which we can refer to as Neo-Tyrants. Neo-Tyrants is characterized by its fusion with terrorism and underworld mafia syndicates.
Reaching its peak during the Soviet Brezhnev era, Neo-Tyrants began dictating the course of high politics. Following the death of Yuri Andropov in 1984, Neo-Tyrants hoisted Mikhail Gorbachev—a figure utterly devoid of political acumen—into the position of General Secretary. Subsequently, core Neo-Tyrant figure Boris Yeltsin colluded with external forces to successfully dismantle the Soviet Union.
The Post-Soviet Diaspora and the Middle Eastern War Axis
The dissolution of the Soviet Union marked as the failure of Stalinism or the Stalinism Machiavellian Tyrants, and the success of neo-Tyrants. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, a massive wave of emigration flowed out of Russia, with Israel serving as its primary destination. Today, approximately one out of every seven people in Israel is of Russian descent—totaling around 1.3 million people. Most immigrated during the Soviet era, remain predominantly Russian-speaking, and have not fully assimilated. While many among them are freedom-loving individuals, others harbor beliefs in Russian neo-authoritarianism.
The mafia tactics brought by these neo-tyrants profoundly altered Israel’s political ecosystem, which was originally dominated by European and American immigrants. They successfully propelled Benjamin Netanyahu—a national leader harboring monarchical ambitions—to power. Leveraging Israel’s influence in financial and military-industrial capital, Netanyahu continuously expanded the global power of neo-tyrants, eventually surpassing Yeltsin to become the core figure of the neo-tyrants movement.
Once neo-tyrants seized control of Israeli politics, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict—which had significantly de-escalated and quieted down by the early 2000s—was reignited, erupting into large-scale conflicts annually over the subsequent two decades. Neo-tyrants also instigated revolutions across the Middle East; wherever they cast their sights turned into a living hell, with individual incidents frequently claiming lives exceeding 1/10,000th of the local population.
By 2014, neo-tyrants successfully forged a war axis stretching from their birthplace in Moscow (37° to 38° E) down to Crimea (32° to 36° E), Lebanon (33° to 35° E), the Syrian Golan Heights (35.5° E), and the Gaza Strip (34° E). Along this war axis running roughly from longitude 34° to 37° East, large-scale casualty events have occurred almost every month since 2014.
Global Infiltration and the Transatlantic Axis
Simultaneously, neo-tyrants infiltration outside the war axis steadily intensified. In the late 1990s, just following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, neo-tyrants began penetrating China, utilizing the family of Ye Jianying as their primary political proxy. This faction backed Xi Jinping as the China top tyrant.
Neo-tyrants infiltration in Europe and the United States has also been severe, triggering numerous social problems, deteriorating public safety, and widening wealth gaps. There are two sources, one is directly from Russia neo-tyrants, other is from some Russian Israeli neo-tyrants following the emigration wave.
Fearing that the neo-tyrants’ infiltration within the EU would spread to its own shores, the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union in 2016. In November 2016, the neo-tyrants proxy Donald Trump successfully won the US presidential election. This was a critical political milestone for the neo-tyrants, as it marked the second time among the UN Security Council permanent members—following Russia—that a head of state was successfully penetrated by neo-tyrants forces. During Trump’s four-year term, neo-tyrant influence expanded globally, penetrating nearly all nations and regions. The fire at Notre-Dame de Paris marked a milestone event in the neo-tyrants’ takeover of France. Joe Biden partially reverse this momentum under both Xi Jinping and Netanyahu’s pressure. However, following the departure of German Chancellor Angela Merkel in October 2021, the EU began to be completely dominated by the neo-tyrants. Consequently, the neo-tyrants initiated their first westward expansion of warfare away from the war axis, launching the Russia-Ukraine war in February 2022.
The substantive purpose of the Russia-Ukraine war is to exhaust the European Union, plunging it entirely into the quagmire of neo-tyrants. However, a more critical assessment by Youth Reader is that the Russia-Ukraine war is merely a minor component of a global spoils-sharing scheme engineered by the neo-tyrants.
The first public hint of this master plan came from JD Vance. In December 2025, Vance publicly asserted that the Western Hemisphere falls under American jurisdiction. The last time such an assertion was made was by Portugal and Spain in the 15th century. In 1494, Portugal and Spain signed the Treaty of Tordesillas, stipulating that the Eastern Hemisphere east of the Atlantic belonged to Portugal, while the Western Hemisphere west of the Atlantic (excluding Brazil) belonged to Spain. Later, the 1529 Treaty of Zaragoza established an anti-meridian as another dividing line—the origin of the meridian system, albeit differing from modern meridians. Under that arrangement, Asia, Europe, Africa, and Oceania fell to Spain, while the Americas (excluding Brazil) went to Portugal.
Because neo-tyrants inherits Stalinism, which traces back to Machiavellianism—itself a summary of the global spoils-sharing ideologies of 15th-century Portugal and Spain—it is entirely natural for neo-Tyrants to revive such a partition plan over 500 years later.
https://www.jfdaily.com/staticsg/res/html/web/newsDetail.html?id=1029500
According to the earlier mentioned war axis, the “Western Hemisphere” referenced here likely refers to the territory west of longitude 34°–37° East and east of the meridian line. This entire domain is designated as Trump’s allotment within the neo-tyrant division, where Trump reigns as emperor. This Western Hemisphere encompasses South America, North America, Europe, and Africa. Conversely, the Eastern Hemisphere east of 34°–37° East and west of the meridian naturally belongs to Netanyahu and Russia.
The Century Deal: European, Ukrainian, Japanese, and Chinese Collusion
If this is indeed the neo-tyrants’ plan, various sudden global events following Angela Merkel’s departure in October 2021 snap neatly into place. Because neo-tyrants are essentially a syndicate of rogues lacking mutual trust, all transactions among them are “cash-and-carry”.
For instance, Russia’s sudden launch of the war against Ukraine in February 2022 cannot be understood purely as territorial ambitions regarding Ukraine, because the Western Hemisphere belongs to America. Thus, while acquiring Ukrainian territory, Russia was simultaneously tasked with exhausting Europe.
As a reward from the Western neo-tyrants to their Eastern counterparts, former Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe died unexpectedly on a street corner in July 2022. Thereafter, Japanese far-right forces surged, and neo-tyrants closely tied to Netanyahu made sweeping inroads into Japan. In essence, Japan—traditionally an American sphere of influence—was traded off to Russia and Netanyahu in July 2022. In return, the Trump’s allies secured Russia’s unyielding continuation of the war in Ukraine, thereby exhausting Europe and expanding American influence across the continent, while Netanyahu’s agents infiltrated within the EU could potentially be transferred to US custody.
Because Ukrainian resistance proved exceptionally resilient, Russia realized within less than half a year of conflict that further escalation would yield diminishing returns. Another telling clue emerged on July 29, 2026, when a Ukrainian presidential advisor stated that Russian advanced missiles incorporate Japanese-manufactured components—critical military-industrial intelligence revealing that Japan has indeed been deeply penetrated by neo-tyrants.
https://china.kyodonews.net/articles/-/13621
Besides Japan, the other potential deal acquired by the Eastern neo-tyrants is China. Also in 2022, a shocking leak case occurred within the Chinese Rocket Force, spearheaded by Zhang Youxia, a core supporter of the Russia-Ukraine war (detailed in “Zhang Youxia is a Core Supporter of the Russia-Ukraine War”). Subsequently, political reports regarding Zhang Youxia opposing Xi Jinping circulated continuously across the internet.
Remarkably, this transaction can be traced back even earlier—to December 14, 2021. On that day, a Reddit user named Edvard-uni published a post titled “Most People’s Understanding of Premier Wen is Completely Wrong“ on the r/China_irl community. While it drew little initial traction at the time, the post was massively recirculated by neo-Tyrants in the first half of 2026 and published almost verbatim on Creaders.net under the title “The True Wen Jiabao You Never Knew,” without citing the original source. This pattern strongly suggests publication by the exact same cohort.
In short, following the departure of Angela Merkel—then leader of the EU Liberties—in October 2021, global neo-tyrants initiated a century-defining transaction concerning the EU, Ukraine, China, and Japan. Wen Jiabao—as a proxy for Ye Xuanlian—authorized the dissemination of smear posts like “The True Wen Jiabao You Never Knew” to pave the way for a neo-tyrant seizure of power in China. The casualties sold out in this transaction were China’s Stalinism tyrants, especially Xi Jinping, and Chinese Liberties.
Recent Expansions and Domestic Chinese Dynamics
By 2025, following Trump’s return, neo-tyrants initiated a new round of eastward expansion. The contents of this transaction appear to encompass Iran, Lebanon, Syria, Venezuela, and Colombia.
After Trump deployed troops to arrest Nicolás Maduro in January 2026, Venezuela’s political situation briefly drifted into a masterless vacuum, with the newly appointed acting president vowing to rescue Maduro. However, after March 2026, this acting president abruptly fell silent. This highly likely indicates a quid pro quo: Trump struck Iran on behalf of Netanyahu, in exchange for Netanyahu assisting in reining in the Venezuelan acting president. Such striking chronological coincidences subsequently manifested in Colombia, Lebanon, and Syria, indicating similar transactional dynamics. These swaps are part of the neo-tyrants’ grand partition of the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. By mid-2026, Canada and various Middle Eastern countries became the targets of these new transactional dealings.
Simultaneously, North Korea—representing the Stalinism tyrants—began frequent high-level diplomatic exchanges and interactions with Russia, demonstrating that Stalinism tyrants are deeply embedded in this global spoils-sharing as well.
As for China, the Stalinism tyrants centered around Xi Jinping has long been exploited by the neo-tyrants. Many within Xi’s ranks are actually neo-tyrants spies—such as Huawei—causing them to suffer defeat after defeat in their struggle against neo-tyrants. Meanwhile, the rising faction of old tyrants represented by Mao Xinyu and Jiang Mianheng—guided by various clues from tyrants mouthpieces—primarily participate indirectly in this global partition by colluding with the Japanese far-right (much like Jiang Zemin’s forebears who acted as collaborators cooperating with Japan).
Because Japan is similarly penetrated by Netanyahu, these Stalinism tyrants are effectively controlled by Netanyahu as well. The primary distinction is that Chinese figures like Ye Xuanlian, Zhang Youxia, and Wen Jiabao appear to interface directly with Netanyahu, whereas Mao Xinyu and Jiang Mianheng interface with the Japanese far-right, who in turn connect indirectly to Netanyahu.
Chinese Liberties strugled for over three years and successfully removed Zhang Youxia from the leader position in Chinese army, and at the same time, largely diminished the impact of other tyrants. Faced with this global landscape of rampant tyrants plunder, China can only preserve itself by adopting a conservative foreign policy and a defensive global military-strategic posture (detailed in “Policy Recommendations for China’s Foreign and Immigration Policies” and “Recommendations for China’s Current Global Military Strategy”). Ultimately, as time progresses, counter-offensives by Liberties worldwide may well deport these Russian neo-authoritarianism and Stalinism Tyrants back to Russia and North Korea.
Appendix: Six Key Differences Between Stalinism and neo-Machiavellian Tyrants
Origins of Tactics:
Stalinism Tyrants tactics are largely inherited from ancient Chinese dynastic autocracy and Soviet Stalinism and North Korea. Neo-Tyrants tactics stem primarily from post-Soviet Russian neo-authoritarianism and North Korea. Their lineages differ fundamentally.
Social Demeanor & Rhetoric:
Stalinism Tyrants typically employ measures wrapped in populist rhetoric of “robbing the rich to feed the poor” and will at least draw a clear line against the far-right. Neo-Tyrants often openly champion the far-right.
Transparency of Operations:
Stalinism Tyrants operate relatively openly. For instance, Mao Zedong’s launch of the Cultural Revolution was accompanied by a series of open editorials available for historical study. Xi Jinping’s purges and Tyrants ambitions likewise rely on open speeches. We only need to analyze official public documents to identify Stalinism Tyrants. Conversely, neo-tyrants operate entirely within the deep dark; aside from analytical commentary, virtually no official operational statements can be found on the open internet. Identifying neo-tyrants relies heavily on circumstantial evidence, making verification far more difficult. (For example, in “Zhang Youxia is a Core Supporter of the Russia-Ukraine War,” we pinned down Zhang’s role by analyzing subtle phrasing in his mouthpieces and state media reports.)
Stance on Terrorism:
Stalinism Tyrants oppose terrorism. Neo-Tyrants heavily utilize terrorist methods as instruments to consolidate centralized control. For instance, neo-tyrants will actively instigate arson attacks across regions, manufacture bizarre homicides (such as victims found dead in police custody with multiple bullets in their backs, officially ruled as suicides, or execution by anti-aircraft guns) and propagate them widely to induce a climate of societal terror. Stalinism Tyrants emphasize social stability and do not engage in such acts. While Stalinism Tyrants policies often exhibit high uncertainty and suppress dissent, they remain relatively public—vastly different from the terror generated by inexplicable, hidden dangers.
Scale of Purges:
Stalinism Tyrants are typically associated with massive purges and famines, affecting upwards of 5% of the total population. (For example, Xi Jinping’s implementation of so-called “re-education camps” in Xinjiang since 2014 has interned over a million people, out of a total ethnic minority population of just over 10 million in the region.) Although neo-Tyrants execute similarly massive purges during their initial consolidation of imperial rule, their later-stage purge figures typically drop below one-thousandth of the total population. For instance, while North Korea frequently executes large-scale purges, outside of its founding era, purges over the past thirty years generally involve 20,000 to 30,000 people—accounting for roughly one-thousandth of North Korea’s population. Of course, these individuals are cast into inescapable, torture-ridden concentration camps, making the terror tactics even more extreme.
Relationship with Organized Crime:
Stalinism Tyrants maintain an adversarial relationship with underworld criminal syndicates, whereas neo-Tyrants maintain an intensely close integration with the mafia.
Huawei as a Neo-Tyrants Proxy
Huawei has consistently been fostered by neo-Tyrants, maintaining extremely close ties with Russia and Israel. Huawei enjoys substantial European support precisely because it functions as a neo-Tyrant proxy.
Many people misunderstand Huawei’s true background, assuming that because Huawei helped Iran bypass sanctions and Meng Wanzhou was arrested as a result, the company must be anti-Israel. That view is both right and wrong. Huawei is certainly anti-Israel, but it fully supports Netanyahu. It is a critical member of the global neo-Tyrant network—strikingly similar to ISIS in its operational model.
Consider Huawei’s competitors: Qualcomm and Nokia. One is backed by American Liberties capital, while the other is supported by Nordic nations—the most socialistic and Liberty countries in Europe. To eliminate these two rivals, neo-Tyrants tacitly permitted and even assisted Huawei in violating intellectual property rights and engaging in widespread technology theft, enabling the company to swell in size and ultimately achieve its objectives. Thus, over the past two decades of rising global Tyrant forces (especially Russian neo-authoritarianism), Huawei has been a pivotal participant—serving as the neo-Tyrants’ most crucial corporate chess piece.
Furthermore, Huawei has faithfully executed neo-Tyrant directives without ever abandoning its mission to overthrow the Stalinism Tyrants. The fact that Xi Jinping failed to react after the nation suffered trillions in losses due to Huawei’s flawed 5G strategy—failing to recognize Huawei as a spy company or promptly shutting it down (which, by all accounts, it should have been, not just because it is a spy company)—proves his incompetence in governance.
That Huawei’s actions were intentional is beyond doubt. Yet this outcome also served to undermine Xi Jinping—a reality that becomes quite clear when considering that Ren Zhengfei does not lack money, making financial motivations insufficient to explain his behavior. Huawei’s undermining of Xi Jinping was never intended to build a democratic, rule-of-law China, but rather to transform China into a Russian neo-authoritarianism country.
Even though Western entities hold no equity stakes in Huawei and received no financial dividends, Huawei generated over 880 billion RMB in revenue last year, with 61.62 billion coming from the domestic Chinese market alone. To Netanyahu, successfully propping up a spy company capable of dismantling the Communist Party and converting China into a Russian neo-authoritarianism country—bolstered primarily by voluntary domestic Chinese support—represents an astronomical return on investment. Once transformed into a Russian-style regime, everything within China falls under Netanyahu’s purview. Even if reduced to a North Korean-style Stalinism country, its overseas assets would still be carved up among them without a net loss.
