《时代周刊》2022年的年度一百位有影响力的人物评选名单中,有八位华人上榜,其中习近平已经是第12次上榜,另外七位分别是:刘思慕(尚气主演)、杨紫琼、陈巍(滑冰运动员)、林璎(建筑师)、孙春兰、谷爱凌和彭帅。
每个上榜人物都会得到一段题词,本文翻译了对习近平、孙春兰、谷爱凌和彭帅的题词。
习近平
习近平自2012年作为中国共产党总书记上台以来,在国内和全球产生了深远的影响。不久之后,他成为了国家主席,自此形成了自毛泽东以来最大的中国个人崇拜。
描述这种影响的最简单方法是列举他所做的事情:从发起 "一带一路 "倡议--一项在全球范围内扩大中国影响力的大规模基础设施投资战略,到开始打击腐败,加强对公民社会的打击(其次要目标是消灭政治对手)。他还废除了旨在防止统治者终身制的宪法条款,他试图掩盖一种新病毒的传播造成全球伤害,之后还实施了零感染政策,虽然成功地将疾病的国内传播降到最低,但却将数百万人锁在家中。
然而,为了评估习近平在2022年的特殊影响,值得强调的是他“没有做但可能会做”的四件事:重新考虑被世界卫生组织负责人批评为 "不可持续 "的清零战略;在新疆这个可怕的侵犯人权的地方扭转方向;与好战的弗拉基米尔-普京保持距离;当然还有,指定一个继任者。
给习近平题词的是Jeffrey Wasserstrom。他是加州大学尔湾分校历史系主任,最近的著作是《Vigil: Hong Kong on the Brink》
原文:
Xi Jinping has had a profound impact domestically and globally since ascending to power as Communist Party General Secretary in 2012, soon after which he became President and since has developed the biggest Chinese personality cult since Mao's.
The easiest way to describe this impact used to be by listing things he did, from launching the Belt and Road Initiative---a massive infrastructure investment strategy to expand China's influence globally---to starting a crackdown on corruption and ratcheting up one on civil society with the secondary goal of eliminating political rivals. He also did away with a constitutional provision aimed at preventing rulers for life and, after a cover-up of a new virus's spread caused global harm, implemented a zero-COVID policy that succeeded in minimizing the disease's domestic spread but has locked millions in their homes.
To assess Xi's particular impact in 2022, however, it's worth highlighting four things he has not done but might have: reconsidered the zero-COVID strategy that has been criticized by the World Health Organization chief as "not sustainable"; reversed course on Xinjiang, the site of horrific human-rights abuses; distanced himself from a warmongering Vladimir Putin; and, of course, named a successor.
*Wasserstrom is the Chancellor's Professor of History at UC Irvine and author of *The Oxford History of Modern China
孙春兰
毛泽东宣布 "妇女能顶半边天",但事实上,中华人民共和国是由根深蒂固的父权制统治的。只有八名妇女进入了中央政治局,其中三名是共和国创始人的妻子,包括毛泽东的妻子。
而孙春兰没有这样的精英关系。作为中国当前唯一的女性副总理和政治局委员,她从一个钟表厂的车间里爬上了党的金字塔,领导沿海省份福建和后来的港口城市天津。今天,这位71岁的老人是全国监督COVID-19疫情防控的最高官员,显示出强人习近平主席在关键时刻对她的巨大信任。
2020年2月,当COVID-19首次在武汉爆发时,孙春兰花了三个月的时间,冒着巨大的个人风险在受灾的城市工作。自从Omicron变体出现以来,孙春兰一直在维持中国的 "动态清零政策 "方面发挥着关键作用,她的做法就是执行严格的核酸测试和隔离隔离措施。然而这一政策受到了尖锐的批评,因为中国最大的城市上海有2600万人口,目前仍然处于严密的封锁之下。但孙春兰坚定地维护着习近平的命令。她可能没有摧毁中国的玻璃天花板,但孙春兰既是改革者的最大希望,也是他们最有力的论据。
题词者坎贝尔是《时代》周刊的记者
原文:
Mao Zedong might have declared that "women hold up half the sky," but in truth the People's Republic is ruled by an entrenched patriarchy. Only eight women have risen to China's powerful Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party, and three of them were wives of founding cadres, including Mao's.
Sun Chunlan had no such elite connections. China's only current female Vice Premier and Politburo member climbed the party ziggurat from working on a watch-factory floor to lead the freewheeling coastal province of Fujian and later the port city of Tianjin. Today, the 71-year-old is the nation's top official overseeing COVID-19 pandemic control, demonstrating the tremendous faith shown in her by strongman President Xi Jinping at a critical point, with outbreaks in a number of major cities.
When COVID-19 first exploded in Wuhan in February 2020, Sun spent three months toiling in the stricken city at great personal risk. Since the Omicron variant emerged, Sun has been pivotal to maintaining China's "dynamic zero-COVID policy" through strict testing and isolation protocols. That policy has come under sharp criticism as Shanghai, China's largest city, with 26 million people, remains under harsh lockdown. But Sun is staunchly upholding Xi's diktat. She may not have destroyed China's glass ceiling, but Sun is both reformers' best hope and their strongest argument.
Campbell is a TIME correspondent
谷爱凌
运动员-特别是奥林匹克运动员-很难超越他们的运动。谷爱凌是这一规则的一个例外。我不确定我是否见过任何人比她更有纪律、更有动力、更有决心。她的艰苦努力得到了回报。
北京奥运会前的那个夏天,谷爱凌向我寻求建议。她正在努力应对奥运会前的压力,并努力应对她新发现的名声。但最重要的是,她只是试图与那些和她一起长大的女孩保持友谊。人们很容易忘记,尽管她赢得了三枚奥运奖牌,成为无数杂志的封面人物,并为路易威登和蒂芙尼等奢侈品牌的全球宣传活动担任代言人,但她仍然只是一个普通的青少年,她喜欢滑雪,对上大学感到兴奋,但不想与她的童年朋友失去联系。这颗心使她如此特别。
在那次谈话后的几个月里,她证明了自己是有史以来最伟大的女性自由滑雪运动员之一。她在网上积累了数以百万计的追随者,并激励新一代的女孩--尤其是中国和美国的女孩--冒险进入男性主导的动作运动世界。谷爱凌以她这个年龄段少有的优雅、姿态和体贴完成了这一切。
Kenworthy是一名演员,也是奥运会坡面滑雪银牌得主
更正,5月24日
这个故事的原始版本错误地描述了谷爱凌在全球活动中代表的品牌。它们是路易威登和蒂芙尼公司,而不是芬迪和古驰
It's hard for athletes---particularly Olympic athletes---to transcend their sport. Eileen Gu is an exception to that rule. I'm not sure I've ever seen anybody more disciplined, driven, or determined than Eileen. And hard work pays off.
The summer before the Beijing Olympics, Eileen reached out to me for advice. She was struggling with the pressure of the buildup to the Games and grappling with her newfound fame. But mostly she was just trying to maintain friendships with the girls she grew up with. It's easy to forget that despite winning three Olympic medals, gracing the covers of countless magazines, and fronting global campaigns for luxury brands like Louis Vuitton and Tiffany & Co, she's still just a normal teenager who loves to ski and is excited for college---but doesn't want to lose touch with her childhood friends. That heart is what makes her so special.
In the months since that conversation, she's proven herself to be one of the greatest female freeskiers of all time, amassed an online follower count in the millions, and inspired a new generation of girls---especially Chinese and Chinese American girls---to venture into the male-dominated world of action sports. Eileen has done all of that with grace, poise, and thoughtfulness rarely found in someone her age.
Kenworthy is an actor and an Olympic silver medalist in slopestyle skiing
**Correction, May 24. **
*The original version of this story misstated the brands that Eileen Gu represented in global campaigns. They are *Louis Vuitton and Tiffany & Co., not Fendi and Gucci.
彭帅
网球明星彭帅在中国社交媒体网站微博上的一篇长文,引发了一连串的事件,深刻地改变了全球体育。在去年11月发表的帖子中,她指控中国前副总理张高丽强迫她发生性关系,并与她保持婚外恋关系。
不久之后,彭帅从公众视野中消失了。她在舞台上的再次出现,为美国在外交上抵制2022年北京奥运会提供了最后的理由,并导致女子网球协会取消了在中国的赛事。她的名字在中国互联网上仍然遭到审查。
彭帅无疑从一开始就意识到了发言的内在危险性。在现已删除的帖子中,她将自己的行为描述为飞蛾扑火、以卵击石,以及自我毁灭。她的账户催生了一场前所未有的捍卫妇女权利、反对专制权力的行动。她后来否认了自己最初的主张,这表明她还没有恢复完全的自主权--事实上她可能正在经历难以言喻的残酷对待。
题词者吕频是一位女权主义活动家和作家
原文:
With one lengthy post on Chinese social media site Weibo, tennis star Peng Shuai set off a chain reaction of events that profoundly changed global sports. In the post, published in November of last year, she accused former Vice Premier Zhang Gaoli of forcing her to have sex and maintaining an extramarital relationship with her.
Not long after, Peng disappeared from public view. Her re-emergence in staged settings provided the final justification for the U.S. diplomatic boycott of the 2022 Beijing Olympics and led to the Women's Tennis Association canceling its events in China. Her name remains censored on the Chinese internet.
Peng undoubtedly was aware from the start of the dangers inherent in speaking out. In the now deleted post, she described her actions as a moth to a flame, an egg to a stone, and a self-destruction. Her account has catapulted an unprecedented defense of women's rights against authoritarian power. Her subsequent denial of her original claims suggests that she has not yet regained full autonomy---and may in fact be experiencing unspeakable cruelty.
Lü is a feminist activist and writer