译者注:
DAR:2047论坛管理细则
TOS:服务条款
This is a private message from one of our readers.
这是一条来自咱们读者的私信
Dear thphd, I have been a read-only tourist of 2047 for a long time. I basically agree with your stand and trust your capabilities, but I still worried about the efficiency and robustness of your "rule of man" philosophy of forum management, so I am going to provide you with my "two cents" provoked by the recent debates on banning 天下无贼.
亲爱的thphd,很久以来,我一直是2047的「只读」观光客。我基本同意你的立场、信任你的能力,但是,我仍然为您「人治」这一论坛政治哲学的效率及稳定性感到担忧。受近期关于封禁天下无贼的辩论所启发,我将提出一点拙见。
Since publicly criticizing the admins violates Article 13-2 of Detailed Administrative Regulation of 2047 Forum(t/8055), I chose to PM you instead.
由于公开指责管理员违反《2047论坛管理细则(二读)》中第13条下第2点,我决定以私信代替。
On the Incident of 天下无贼
关于近期天下无贼事件
The debate on the identity of Wumao is entirely pointless, irrelevant and distracting, as it has nothing to do with the issue at all, since the terms don't stipulate that any user who makes pro-CCP claims on 2047 shall be banned.
既然《管理细则》中没有哪一项规定 用户若发表偏向共产党的言论即当封禁,因此关于「五毛身份」的辩论是完全无意义的,毫不相关,并且有干扰性,和问题本身没有关联。
As far as I am concerned, the existence of 天下无贼 is distasteful yet that alone is not enough to drive me away from 2047. However, what worries me most is that how poorly most of the admins and users performed in the debate. Although 2047 does have its Terms of Service (TOS) and Detailed Administrative Regulation (DAR), nearly all of them behaved as if those rules never exist at all, as they failed to invoke a specific article of either TOS or DAR, but barely immersed themselves in relentless value debates and cost benefit calculations, which reflected the fact they more or less lack the awareness of the terms.
就我而言,天下无贼这个用户令我不快,但是单凭这个用户是不够驱我离开2047的。然而,最使我忧虑的是本站大多数管理员和用户在辩论中展现的水平。尽管2047有自己的《服务条款》,以及《论坛管理细则》,几乎所有这些人都表现得像这些条款不存在一样,并且没能调用其中的任何具体规定,而是沉浸于无休止的价值观辩论和盈亏运算里。这反映了一个事实,即他们或多或少缺乏对条款的了解。
On the Practice of Blocking Users
论封禁用户
In my opinion, the relationship among the users and site owner is a contractual or contract-like relationship. Specifically, it's a two-way "donation", that is, the site owner grants the users to freely use the site's services as long as they comply with the terms (TOS, DAR and other policies and regulations), meanwhile the users voluntarily generate contents and contribute to the site traffic and popularity (though it brings no profit).
我认为,用户和论坛拥有者的关系是合约性的,或者说是类似于合约性的。具体而言,这是一种双向的「捐献」,即,只要用户遵守网站的规定,网站站长便给用户以免费使用网站服务的权利;同时,用户自愿输出内容,贡献网站的流量和人气,尽管这不会带来任何利润。
The DAR serves as part of the contracts, as put it in t/8055#102550 that the DAR is the product of agreement instead of legislation. Therefore, blocking accounts of users who breached the term, namely their contractual duties, can viewed as a unilateral cancellation of the contract and a necessary remedy taken by the site owner.
《2047论坛管理细则》属于合约的一部分,如 t/8055#102550 所说,DAR(《2047论坛管理细则〉)是建立在约定的基础上,而非立法。因此,封禁违反条款(即名义上的合同义务)的用户,可被视为一种单方面终止合同,以及站方采取的必要补救措施。
So whether a user should be banned is solely a contractual dispute. All of the debates concerned with such dispute shall be rule/term-oriented, as the only thing we need to address is what the term is (which article of the which term applies and how is it interpreted), instead of arguing what the term should be, needless to say to disregard the established rules/terms and replace them with the debaters' own values and whim.
所以用户是否被封禁完全属于合同纠纷。所有关于这种纠纷的辩论,应当集中于 条款/项 上面,我们唯一需要探讨的是「条款怎么说(哪个条款的哪一项适用?如何解释该条款?)」,而不是争论「条款应当说什么」,更不是以辩论者自己的价值观和猜想代替已确定的条款。
The practice of blocking a user is in essence more like the practice of judiciary rather than legislation, so it's not sensible to introduce polls (in your words, "voteban") to decide whether a user should be blocked. As we have already established rules, why bother resorting to direct democracy and adopting the ancient-Greek-time ostracism?
本质上,封禁用户更像是司法权的使用,而非立法权,因此通过公投(也就是“voteban”)决定是否封禁用户是不明智的。我们已经有了确立的规则,何必要求助于直接民主制和古希腊时期的贝壳流放法呢?
Furthermore, as it is a formal question and whose answer can only be correct or incorrect, there is no room for challenging the legitimacy of the final decision since all the user agreed to obey the terms at the first place, just like the court need no referendums to confirm the legitimacy of its adjudication.
此外,由于它(?)是一个严肃正式的问题,答案只能是「对」或「不对」,挑战最终决定之合法性是不应容忍的,就像法庭不需要以全民公决确认某裁决的合法性一样,毕竟所有用户都已经同意把「遵守规定」放在首位。
As for the value and utility debates, they should be reserved for the rectification procedure. All users can put forward suggestions to rectify the TOS and DAR (see t/7851#101203).
关于价值观和功利的辩论,它们应该被保留给 纠正程序。所有用户都可以提出关于《服务条款》和《管理细则》的整改建议(见t/7851#101203)。
Suggestions for Rules on Blocking (Article 12 of DAR)
关于封禁(《管理细则》第12条)的建议
I suggest to distinguish controversial violations (e.g. Article 9-1 of DAR, also see t/11778#133836) and uncontroversial violations (e.g. Article 9-6, 9-7 of DAR), and then take different approaches to deal with them in order to balance efficiency and fairness.
我建议明确区分有争议性的违约行为(如《管理细则》第9条第1点,以及t/11778#133836)以及非争议性的违约(如《管理细则》第9条第6点、第7点),并且以不同的方式处理它们,来寻找效率和公平之间的平衡。
Any admin has the discretion to block a user, but reasons of blocking must be provided, including at least one post link as evidence and the specific article of terms applied.
任何管理员都有封禁用户的自由裁量权,但是必须提供封禁理由、牵涉的具体条例,且至少包括一条其所发内容的超链接,来作为证据。
For uncontroversial violations, the decision of blocking take effect instantly.
对于非争议性的违约,封禁决定带来的效果可谓立竿见影。
For controversial violations, the case shall be reviewed by a panel consisting of odd-numbered admins. The preliminarily blocked user is allowed to defend himself/herself, and other users can express their views for reference. Finally, the panel vote to decide the case. In other words, the authority of so called "vote ban" shall be exclusively granted to the admins so that uncertainty and latent manipulations can largely be eliminated.
争议性的违约案件则应该被一个由奇数管理员组成的「陪审团」检查,允许被初步封禁的用户为自己辩护,允许其他用户表达ta们自己的观点来作为参考。最后,小组投票,判决案件。换句话说,「voteban」的权威应属于管理员的专属权力,这样一来,不确定性和潜在的操纵选票的可能性就会被很大程度排除。
The blocked user and any dissenting admin has the right to appeal. If either 1/3 of the admins or the site owner agree to take the appeal, then the case shall be reviewed and to be voted by all members of the admins. The case is decided only if the 1/2 threshold is met. Since admins are not always online, it may take a long time. (By the way, I noticed that some experienced admins were absent from both of the votebans on 天下无贼. Had they participated in, the result could have been different.)
被封禁的用户,以及任何持异见的管理员,拥有上诉的权利。如果三分之一管理员或者站长本人同意上诉,案件应该被再次检查,并且所有管理员都可以投票。只有票数达到全部管理员的半数时,才通过最终决定。由于管理员们并非长期在线,这一过程可能会持续很久。(顺便一提,我注意到有些管理员并没有参加关于天下无贼的voteban。如果他们参加了,结果有可能发生变化)
The site owner reserves the authority to overturn any case.
站长保留掀翻否决任何案件的权力
And I also recommend you to develop a collection of 2047 case law (e.g. t/11325#128378) as a complement to the terms, so that admins can more efficiently dispose of the similar cases while users can more easily learn the boundaries of speech on 2047.
我还建议,作为对规则的补充完善,建立一个2047判例集(如 t/11325#128378),这样瓜梨园就能更有效地处理类似的案件,同时用户想学习了解2047的言论边界时会更容易。
On the Institutionalization
论 制度化
As you mentioned in t/11778#133841 that what 2047 has is "rule of man" and all kinds of jurisprudence is rule of man in essence, it's not fitting for me to persuade you to adopt "rule of law". Therefore, I use "institutionalization" or"rule by law" instead.
如你在 t/11778#133841 里提到的,2047是人治,而且所有类型的法理本质上都是人治,我不适合说服你采用「法治」。因此,我以「制度化」和「依法治坛」代替。
In my opinion, "institutionalization"/"rule by law" means no one except the site owner is above the law, namely terms. It requires all users to have an awareness of compliance with the terms and admins to exercise their authorities in accordance with the terms.
在我看来,「制度化/以法治坛」意味着没有任何人(除非是站长)可以凌驾法律之上。所有用户都需要明白他们应当遵守条约,管理员需要根据条约实践权力。
Institutionalization/rule by law brings more certainty and stability as it can restrain the admins' willfulness. By contrast, it seemed so weird that a user somehow was blocked by one admin and soon unblocked by another. And clearly stated and interpreted terms also bring predictability, so that users can better learn how to behave themselves.
制度化/以法治坛拥有更高的确定性和稳定性,它可以限制管理员的任性。相比之下,若一个用户先是被某管理员封禁,然后又被另一个解封,那看上去也太奇怪了。清晰地列出、解释条例,还能使事情有更高的可预测性,这样一来用户能更好地了解该如何表现。
On the Admins of 2047
关于2047管理员
I have to point out that 2047 may have too many admins. And the more admins you have, the more difficult it might be for them to reach consensus.
我必须指出,2047有太多管理员了。管理员越多,ta们就越难形成一致意见。
Secondly, nearly all of your admins are good content generators, yet that never ensure them to be good admins. In my view, some admins are unqualified and incompetent to deal with blocking. At least they should be acquainted with 2047's TOS and DAR.
第二,几乎所有你们的管理员都是优秀的内容输出者,然而这一特性无法保证ta们成为好的管理员。我认为,有些管理员并没有足够水平,在处理封禁问题方面能力不够。至少ta们应该熟悉2047《服务条款》和《管理细则》。