我觉得大家对一些欧洲国家的枪支管理可能有误解。这里摘录一下几个北欧国家的枪支法规,有一定代表性:
Overview of gun laws by nation
Norway
Firearms in Norway are regulated by the Firearm Weapons Act,[299] with a new secondary law in effect 1 July 2009 furthering regulation.[300] A firearms license for rifles or shotguns can be issued by police to "sober and responsible" persons 18 years of age or older who are able to document a need for the weapon. This usually requires first obtaining a hunting or sports-shooting license. For handguns, the minimum ownership age is 21. Firearms or their vital components must be stored securely in the residence, and police may make inspections after providing 48-hours' notice.
Denmark
Civilians in Denmark aged 16 and above can acquire gun licenses for hunting or sport shooting. This requires passing a written multiple-choice test and a practical test, after which a certified hunting license instructor determines if the applicant is suitable to own a weapon. A license is usually provided if the applicant has no or only minor marks on their criminal record.
Handguns: After two years of active membership in a shooting club, one can apply for a handgun permit which is then subject to background checks and approval by the police, and one has to be 21 years old.
Finland
The ownership and use of firearms in Finland is regulated by the country's Firearms Act of 1998. Weapons are individually licensed by local police, with no limit on the number of licenses an individual may hold. Licenses are granted for recreational uses, exhibition or (under certain circumstances) professional use. No type of weapon is explicitly prohibited, but licenses are granted only for a reason. Self-defense is not accepted as a valid reason for licensing. In general, this excludes all but hunting and sports guns from non-professional use. Fully automatic weapons are generally not permitted. With the exception of law enforcement, only specially trained security guards may carry loaded weapons in public.
可以得出结论:这些国家虽然枪支法律相对直接禁枪的国家比较宽松,但枪支的用途基本都是娱乐或者打猎使用,而根本不是什么“自卫”或者“推翻暴政”。我问过一个家里有枪的欧洲人,据他说自己的枪只是用来打猎,而且要经常应付检查,花钱保养什么的。所以枪支对于这些国家的国民,只是一种要花钱的业余爱好,而不是什么生活必需品,跟什么禁止菜刀之类的完全没有关系。虽然理论上任何普通人都可以持枪,但除非是枪支或者打猎的爱好者,普通人根本不会去专门买一把枪放在家里。
当然,美国人拥枪,可能有自卫的现实需要。我看过一些支持拥枪者的视频,他们往往把个人爱好,第二修正案和自卫这些问题混为一谈。然而还是得回到问题本身:如果社会上的恶性暴力犯罪大为降低,那么恐怕就根本不需要民间有那么多的枪支了,而这和个人爱好并不矛盾。
所以最终可以得出以下的发展逻辑:
普通人有钱+社会治安良好+严格的枪支法规=>枪支作为娱乐用途=>拥枪成本提高=>枪支流通减少=>进一步减少社会治安问题
普通人没钱+社会治安差+宽松的枪支法规=>枪支成为必需品=>拥枪成本降低=>枪支流通增加=>进一步使得社会治安恶化