PFAS: Last Week Tonight with John Oliver
不粘锅致癌的历史。这次轮到dupont被放在火上烤，因为dupont是teflon专利持有者。
youtu.be/9W74aeuqsiU主要来源：自来水源被污染
根据3M当年的调查，远在亚洲的人血液中也有PFAS
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072821/
Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals in the U.S. Population: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004 and Comparisons with NHANES 1999–2000
Results
We detected PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, and PFNA in > 98% of the samples. Concentrations differed by race/ethnicity and sex. Geometric mean concentrations were significantly lower (approximately 32% for PFOS, 25% for PFOA, 10% for PFHxS) and higher (100%, PFNA) than the concentrations reported in NHANES 1999–2000 (p < 0.001).
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/257925203
特氟龙引起的“非议”更多的是来自它的“帮凶”全氟辛酸（PFOA）
全氟辛酸（PFOA）， 主要用作聚四氟乙烯、氟橡胶聚合时的分散剂，标准的致癌物质。虽然PFOA是一种在生产PTFE过程中使两种不同液体混合的乳化剂，它在PTFE成品中大多不存在（它是中间过程物质），但是PFOA会被工厂排放出去，直接造成水等自然资源的污染。著名电影《黑水》基于此为蓝本，2014年欧美已经禁用PFOA，我国尚未出台相关政策，为了应对PFOA禁用，也出现了很多代替品，最著名的一种叫GenX，但其安全性也有待考证。这也是为什么很多锅具会有PFOA FREE标志。
PFOA, PFOS and Other PFAS
https://www.epa.gov/pfas/pfas-explained
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PFAS are widely used, long lasting chemicals, components of which break down very slowly over time.
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Because of their widespread use and their persistence in the environment, many PFAS are found in the blood of people and animals all over the world and are present at low levels in a variety of food products and in the environment.
